This condition affects the majority of postmenopausal women, but treatment options can offer relief.
Understanding Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
In the years leading up to menopause, known as perimenopause, estrogen levels begin to decrease and continue this decline into postmenopausal years. This drop in estrogen can cause the lining of the vagina to become thin, dry, and prone to irritation, a condition known as Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM).
The first and most common sign of GSM is vaginal dryness, which can be accompanied by burning, itching, and pain during sex. Urinary tract symptoms may also occur, which include frequent urination, urgency, incontinence, and recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs).
While GSM can affect women of any age with low estrogen levels, it most commonly affects postmenopausal women. Approximately 65% of women experience symptoms of GSM one year after menopause, a percentage that increases to 84% after six years. GSM is a progressive condition, meaning symptoms will worsen with time if left untreated.
Treatment Options
Nonhormonal options are also available. Lubricants are a short-term solution for dryness while moisturizers can be regularly applied for longer lasting relief.
Outlook
With an appropriate treatment plan, women suffering from symptoms of GSM can find relief. If you are noticing signs of GSM, consult with your medical provider to discuss your symptoms and determine which treatment option is right for you.
An Expert Weighs In:
“Women often feel embarrassed to bring up GSM symptoms to their provider. Women over 45 should be asked about these symptoms at every visit. By doing this, we normalize the symptoms and are able to educate them on what they can anticipate through their menopause transition. I find that women are often surprised to learn that GSM is a problem even outside of sexual activity – so it is critical to also screen patients who are not sexually active.”
Lauren Barleow, WHNP-BC, NCMP
Owner, Lotus Center for Women
Meet the Author
Rachel Studebaker, BA, English, Summa Cum Laude
Rachel Studebaker is a graduate of Lee University, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts in English with a minor in advertising with the distinction of summa cum laude and served as editor-in-chief of the university’s biannual magazine, The Vindagua. After graduation, Rachel joined CMC Media & Marketing Group as an editor. Today, she serves as managing editor and is responsible for leading the editorial team in the development and completion of content for 17 publications involving health & wellness, business, sports, and lifestyle published in print and online for HealthScope® and CityScope® magazines as well as Choose Chattanooga® and Choose Huntsville™ – premier publications serving Southeast Tennessee, North Georgia, and North Alabama. In addition to writing, editing, and coordinating copy, Rachel oversees networking and reputation management for the company’s publications. In her free time, she enjoys reading, hiking, attending concerts, trying new restaurants, and traveling with her husband.
