This skin condition commonly causes pigmentation issues in women.
Understanding Melasma
Melasma is a common, benign skin condition that causes dark, blotchy patches and freckle-like spots to appear. While melasma can occur anywhere on the body, it most commonly develops on the face, primarily the cheeks, chin, forehead, nose, and upper lip. This discoloration occurs when melanocytes – the cells that give your skin its color – begin to overproduce melanin. While melasma may go away on its own, it can also persist for months or even years.
Risk Factors
Hormones and light, whether from the sun or artificial sources, are thought to be the two primary causes of melasma in addition to stress, medical conditions including thyroid disorders, and medications such as oral contraceptives. Approximately 90% of individuals who get melasma are women. It is especially common during pregnancy and is sometimes referred to as “the mask of pregnancy.”
Diagnosis and Treatment
Melasma is harmless and does not cause pain, itching, or any symptoms. However, because other conditions or signs of skin cancer may be mistaken for melasma, it is important to consult with a dermatologist to accurately determine what is causing the discoloration. If melasma is diagnosed, your dermatologist can develop a personalized treatment plan to address cosmetic concerns.
Because sun exposure can cause melasma spots to darken, dermatologists recommend applying broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen and wearing sun protection before spending time outdoors. Topical medications may be prescribed to help fade discoloration, and treatments such as chemical peels, microneedling, laser treatments, and platelet-rich plasma may also be recommended.
An Expert Weighs In
Meet the Author
Rachel Studebaker, BA, English, Summa Cum Laude
Rachel Studebaker is a graduate of Lee University, where she earned a Bachelor of Arts in English with a minor in advertising with the distinction of summa cum laude and served as editor-in-chief of the university’s biannual magazine, The Vindagua. After graduation, Rachel joined CMC Media & Marketing Group as an editor. Today, she serves as managing editor and is responsible for leading the editorial team in the development and completion of content for 17 publications involving health & wellness, business, sports, and lifestyle published in print and online for HealthScope® and CityScope® magazines as well as Choose Chattanooga® and Choose Huntsville® – premier publications serving Southeast Tennessee, North Georgia, and North Alabama. In addition to writing, editing, and coordinating copy, Rachel oversees networking and reputation management for the company’s publications. In her free time, she enjoys reading, hiking, attending concerts, trying new restaurants, and traveling with her husband.
